AFP (Alpha-fetoprotein)
Early detection tool for liver, ovarian and testicular cancer
An AFP test measures the level of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) in the blood. AFP is a protein that is produced by the liver and the yolk sac of a developing foetus. In adults, the level of AFP in the blood is normally very low. However, certain medical conditions, including liver cancer and certain types of germ cell tumours (such as testicular cancer and ovarian cancer), can cause the AFP level to increase.
Symptoms associated with a high level of AFP depend on the underlying cause. Some conditions associated with elevated levels of AFP include:
Neural Tube Defects: Elevated AFP levels during pregnancy can indicate the possibility of a neural tube defect in the developing foetus, such as spina bifida (physical abnormalities of the spine) or anencephaly (incomplete development of the brain and skull).
Liver Cancer (Hepatocellular Carcinoma): High levels of AFP can be observed in individuals with hepatocellular carcinoma, the most common type of liver cancer. Symptoms associated with liver cancer can include:
- Abdominal pain or discomfort
- Unexplained weight loss
- Loss of appetite
- Fatigue or weakness
- Jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes)
- Swelling in the abdomen or legs
Biomarker: AFP
No special preparation required.
For blood tests, we recommend drinking plenty of water beforehand to ensure smooth sample collection. If you are taking any regular medication, continue to do so unless advised otherwise by your doctor.
Important Clinical Information:
This test is a screening tool to monitor and support your overall health. It does not replace your GP or Consultant.
Always discuss your test results, especially any abnormal results, with your GP, who can interpret them in the context of your medical history and overall health.