Hepatitis B Core Antibody Test (Anti-HBc)
Unlock the true timeline of your hepatitis B exposure.
The Hepatitis B Core Antibody Test (Anti-HBc) is a specialised blood test used to detect antibodies produced by the immune system against the core protein of the hepatitis B virus (HBV). Unlike other hepatitis B markers, anti-HBc is unique because it appears early in infection and persists for life, making it a valuable tool for identifying current, past, or resolved HBV infection. This test is particularly useful for individuals who may have been exposed to HBV but are unaware of their status, including those with risk factors such as previous intravenous drug use, unprotected sex with an infected partner, or birth in regions where hepatitis B is endemic. It is also routinely used in blood donation screening, pre-immunisation assessment, and occupational health clearance for healthcare workers.
The test is performed using a simple blood sample, which is analysed in the laboratory using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) or similar immunoassay technique to detect the presence of anti-HBc antibodies.
Biomarkers Included
- Hepatitis B core antibody (anti-HBc): This antibody is produced in response to the core antigen of HBV. Its presence indicates that an individual has been infected with HBV at some point. It does not distinguish between acute, chronic, or resolved infection, but it is a sensitive marker for past or ongoing exposure.
Why it matters
Identifying anti-HBc is crucial for several reasons. A positive result can indicate a current or past hepatitis B infection, which may have significant implications for liver health, transmission risk, and treatment options. It helps clinicians determine whether a patient has been exposed to HBV, even if other markers such as HBsAg or anti-HBs are negative. This is particularly important in scenarios where isolated anti-HBc positivity may occur, such as during the window period of acute infection or in resolved infections where HBsAg has cleared. Additionally, anti-HBc testing is essential for screening blood donors, organ donors, and individuals undergoing immunosuppressive therapy, as reactivation of HBV can occur. By understanding your hepatitis B core antibody status, you and your healthcare provider can make informed decisions about further testing, vaccination, or monitoring, ultimately safeguarding your liver health and preventing transmission to others.
- Hepatitis B core antibody (anti-HBc)
No special preparation required.
For blood tests, we recommend drinking plenty of water beforehand to ensure smooth sample collection. If you are taking any regular medication, continue to do so unless advised otherwise by your doctor.
Important Clinical Information:
This test is a screening tool to monitor and support your overall health. It does not replace your GP or Consultant.
Always discuss your test results, especially any abnormal results, with your GP, who can interpret them in the context of your medical history and overall health.