HLA-B* 5701 detection

The HLA-B5701 detection test identifies individuals who carry the HLA-B5701 allele, a genetic variant strongly associated with an increased risk of abacavir hypersensitivity reaction (AHR). This test is primarily used in HIV care to guide safe prescribing of abacavir-containing antiretroviral therapy, but it may also be relevant in other clinical contexts where abacavir exposure is considered. The test is performed using a simple blood sample, with analysis typically carried out by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or sequence-specific oligonucleotide probing (SSOP) to detect the presence of the allele.

Who is this test for?
- Individuals living with HIV who are being considered for abacavir-containing treatment regimens.
- Patients with a history of suspected abacavir hypersensitivity where confirmatory genetic testing is needed.
- Anyone for whom abacavir therapy is being contemplated and risk stratification is required.

Biomarkers included
- HLA-B*5701: A specific allele of the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) system. Its presence indicates a significantly elevated risk of developing a hypersensitivity reaction if exposed to abacavir. A negative result makes abacavir hypersensitivity very unlikely.

Why it matters
Identifying HLA-B*5701 carriers before initiating abacavir can prevent potentially life-threatening hypersensitivity reactions. This test empowers clinicians to personalise treatment, avoid unnecessary exposure, and improve patient safety in HIV management and other relevant therapeutic areas.

• HLA-B*5701

No special preparation required.

For blood tests, we recommend drinking plenty of water beforehand to ensure smooth sample collection. If you are taking any regular medication, continue to do so unless advised otherwise by your doctor.